On March 6, 2023, IRAE submitted public comments on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Safeguarding the Rights of Conscience as Protected by Federal Statutes. we fundamentally oppose what HHS is proposing to do here. Not only is it a departure from existing federal law, but it has enormous implications for the rights of conscience of medical care providers currently protected by HHS regulations.